Russia and China will never form a genuine alliance. But Russia and China still harm U. For example, both countries have spent billions of dollars on media outlets, NGOs, and hackers aimed at reversing the spread of democracy and subverting U. The two countries also have sanctioned U. Most worrisome, China and Russia could simultaneously start wars with U. One benefit is security. It is impossible to overstate how lucky Americans are that none of the major battles in any of the wars of the past years were fought in their cities and towns.
Another benefit is a large margin of error. With a secure homeland and a peerless economy, the United States can do stupid things over and over again without suffering severe punishment. Only the United States could engage in a war as dubious as that in Iraq or trigger the worst global economic crisis since the Great Depression, and remain the richest and most influential country on the planet and retain the support of more than sixty allies, including most of the major powers.
A related benefit is freedom of action. The United States can decisively involve itself in any region of the world—or not. Most countries have foreign policy priorities thrust upon them. They are too weak to settle issues in their own neighborhoods and have to spend most of their time doing damage control around their borders. As a superpower, the United States has much more leeway to choose where, how, and on what issues it wants to involve itself. Freedom of action also applies to U.
Americans often take for granted that they can travel and do business in many parts of the world using English and dollars and that many international trade and investment rules—and parts of the legal systems of some countries—are based on, if not directly copied from, U. These privileges all stem from the fact that the United States shapes international customs and institutions.
Finally, the United States gets economic kickbacks from being a superpower. Perhaps most important, the dominant position the United States holds in the world economy attracts young smart people from all over the world, and the resulting influx of immigrants continually rejuvenates the U. Why do you think there is a perception that the U. Second, because the United States is so powerful, it often tries to do ridiculously difficult things—democratizing the Middle East, winning a war on drugs, convincing North Korea to give up its nuclear weapons—and thus fails more often and more spectacularly than do weaker countries with more modest aims.
Yet, companies that once seemed invincible—General Electric, for example—can sometimes sink because of incompetent management, increased competition, and changing circumstances. You mention in the book some scenarios that could lead the U. The most likely scenario would be internal decay. Japan has managed to sustain its role as a global superpower by being the second most technologically-advanced nation in the world.
Companies like Nissan, Toyota and Sony drive this economy which creates products the global market craves, supplemented with the man power of its workforce, 9 th largest in the world at 65 million. India is another global superpower by several accounts. India has a very hefty workforce at Hence, India has an extensive global market share for exporting products made by their workforce. Moreover, India has various companies that list among the Forbes , which are the highest-grossing companies in the world.
Brazil, has also managed to become a global superpower because of its ability to establish an economy which outweighs all other South American nations. A country that some experts report is losing its global superpower status is Russia. Hence, Russia had to reform its economic and political system from the bottom up and, in the process, lost this prominent status.
On an opposite track, Singapore has shined as a rising nation internationally because of its attracting major investments in pharmaceuticals and medical technology. It also has the third highest GDP-real growth rate in the world at Additionally, China makes up for it with its increasing diplomatic pushes, its rise to one of the largest contributors to the global economy, and its technological advances, especially with artificial intelligence AI.
Russia is another potential global superpower. Different world leaders, scholars, and journalists disagree about whether Russia is a potential superpower or if it is already a superpower. The European Union EU is considered to be an emerging superpower by scholars; however, reaching a status of a global superpower in the 21st century has greatly been slowed down because of the euro crisis and Brexit.
Despite this, some argue that the EU might not be sustainable with so many member nations, each of which has differing economic and political interests and priorities. Additionally, the EU lacks a unified foreign policy and cannot project military power worldwide as of right now. India is a potential global superpower.
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